Final answer:
The passage inside the Chimney Flue that allows for air and smoke to rise is known as the flue, which operates based on Bernoulli's principle, where a T-shaped crosspiece helps draw up gases by creating a pressure difference due to airflow.
Step-by-step explanation:
The passage inside the chimney through which the air, gases, and smoke rises is known as the chimney flue. Some chimney pipes have a T-shape, with a crosspiece that helps draw up gases whenever there is a slight breeze, which is based on Bernoulli's principle.
Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy.
In the context of a T-shaped chimney, as the breeze blows across the top of the crosspiece, it accelerates, leading to a drop in pressure. This lower pressure at the top of the chimney compared to the higher pressure at the bottom creates a suction effect that helps draw the combustion gases from the fireplace or furnace up the flue.
An entrainment device, like the chimney, also has practical limits to the height to which it can raise a fluid.
The maximum height is dictated by factors such as the velocity of the air or gas flowing over the device and the density difference between the air within and outside the chimney.
Airplanes take off into the wind because it provides additional lift, as the relative wind speed over the wings is increased, which is also related to Bernoulli's principle.