Final Answer:
According to the authors, each of the following is a reason to focus on a new member during the closing phase of the member's first session EXCEPT to: d) Establish dominance and control over the new member.
Step-by-step explanation:
Help the New Member Feel Valued and Welcomed (a): Focusing on a new member during the closing phase is often about creating a positive and inclusive experience. This aligns with the goal of helping the new member feel valued and welcomed.
Gather Feedback on the Group Process (b): Obtaining feedback from a new member is a valuable part of improving the group process. It allows for adjustments and enhancements to better meet the needs of all members.
Address Concerns or Reservations (c): The closing phase is an opportune time to address any concerns or reservations a new member may have. This contributes to building trust and ensuring a supportive group environment.
Establish Dominance and Control (d): The exception in the question is focused on the negative aspect of establishing dominance and control, which is not a valid or ethical reason to focus on a new member during the closing phase. This contradicts the principles of fostering a positive and collaborative group dynamic.
Relevance to the Question: The response directly addresses the exception outlined in the question, emphasizing that establishing dominance and control is not an appropriate reason for focusing on a new member during the closing phase.