Answer:
a. The population we are trying to observe is US residents.
b. Biases arise in our sample method due to sampling, location, self-selection, and response biases.
Explanation:
a.
The population that we are trying to observe in this case is the US residents in general.
However, since we are conducting the poll by standing at a busy corner in New York City and asking every 5th person who walks by, the population we are actually observing is limited to the people passing by that specific corner in New York City.
It is important to note that the sample we obtain from this method may not be representative of the entire US population.
b.
Biases arise in our sample method due to several factors:
Sampling Bias:
By only selecting every 5th person who walks by, we are introducing a systematic bias into our sample.
This method may not capture the diversity of the population accurately, as it may exclude certain groups or individuals who do not pass by that specific corner.
Location Bias:
Conducting the poll in a busy corner in New York City may introduce a location bias. The views and opinions of people in that specific area may not be representative of the entire US population.
Self-Selection Bias:
Since the poll relies on people voluntarily participating by answering the questions, there is a potential for self-selection bias.
Individuals who choose to participate may have different views on immigration compared to those who choose not to participate.
Response Bias:
The way the questions are asked or the presence of the pollster may influence the responses received.
People may alter their answers or provide socially desirable responses, leading to response bias.
Thus,
a. The population we are trying to observe is US residents.
b. Biases arise in our sample method due to sampling, location, self-selection, and response biases.