Final answer:
Napoleon's military engagements in the Peninsular War and his invasion of Russia had mixed results, but ultimately did not achieve his objectives.
Step-by-step explanation:
Napoleon's military engagements in the Peninsular War were a series of battles fought between France and Spain/Portugal in the early 19th century. These engagements were part of Napoleon's attempt to control the Iberian Peninsula and expand his empire. While Napoleon had some initial successes, such as the Battle of Talavera, he faced significant challenges due to guerrilla warfare tactics used by Spanish and Portuguese resistance fighters. Ultimately, the Peninsular War was a drain on French resources and manpower.
Napoleon's invasion of Russia, known as the French invasion of Russia, was a military campaign launched by Napoleon in 1812. The goal was to force Russia to comply with French demands, but it ended in a disastrous defeat for the French army. The well-prepared Russian forces and brutal winter conditions caused heavy casualties and led to the retreat of the French army. Of the original 600,000 troops that entered Russia, only around 100,000 survived.
Overall, while Napoleon had some successes in both the Peninsular War and the invasion of Russia, he faced significant setbacks and ultimately did not achieve his objectives in either campaign.
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