Final answer:
The subject of this question is History. Benjamin 'Pap' Singleton was an influential figure who encouraged African Americans to move west and establish their own towns. John Chivington, George Custer, and James Oliver are mentioned but are not directly related to the subject.
Step-by-step explanation:
Subject: History
The subject of this question is history. Specifically, it relates to the historical period of African American migration and settlement in the western United States.
Benjamin 'Pap' Singleton
Benjamin 'Pap' Singleton was an influential figure in African American history. He encouraged African Americans to move west and establish their own towns as a means of escaping racial discrimination in the South and finding economic opportunities in the frontier.
John Chivington and George Custer
John Chivington and George Custer are not directly related to the subject of this question. Chivington was a controversial figure known for his involvement in the Sand Creek Massacre, while Custer is famous for his role in the Battle of Little Bighorn during the Indian Wars.
James Oliver
There is not enough information provided about James Oliver in the question to definitively connect him to the subject of encouraging African Americans to move west and establish their own towns.
Learn more about Encouragement of African Americans to establish their own towns