We are starting with finding out how much each individual part is equal to. To do this, we add how many parts they are divided in, which is 5 plus 3. Now that we know that there are 8 parts, we can simply divide the counters by 8, which is 4. To see how many counters Alfy gets, we multiply the amount of counters a part is, which is 4, with how many parts he gets, which is 3. 3 times 4 equals with 12.