Final answer:
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) helps remove excess cholesterol, while low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) contribute to plaque buildup. The two proteins released into the blood when heart muscle dies are troponin and creatine kinase.
Step-by-step explanation:
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered good because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. HDL carries cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver, where it is broken down and eliminated from the body. This process helps prevent the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis.
In contrast, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) are considered bad because they contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries. LDL delivers cholesterol to the walls of the arteries, where it can accumulate and form plaque. VLDL is a precursor to LDL and also contributes to the formation of plaque.
When heart muscle dies, two proteins that are released into the blood are called troponin and creatine kinase. Troponin is a protein found in heart muscle cells that is released into the bloodstream when the cells are damaged. Creatine kinase is an enzyme that is released when heart muscle cells are damaged or die. These proteins can be measured in the blood to diagnose heart attacks and assess the extent of damage to the heart.
Learn more about atherosclerosis