Final answer:
Thiazide and loop diuretics reach their site of action in the nephron through different mechanisms. Thiazide diuretics act on the early distal convoluted tubule (DCT), while loop diuretics act on the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the loop of Henle.
Step-by-step explanation:
Thiazide and loop diuretics reach their site of action in the nephron through different mechanisms.
Thiazide diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide, act primarily on the early distal convoluted tubule (DCT) of the nephron. They inhibit the sodium-chloride co-transporter (NCC), reducing the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions. This results in increased excretion of water, sodium, and chloride.
Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, act on the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the loop of Henle. They inhibit the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter (NKCC2), leading to decreased reabsorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions. As a result, more water and electrolytes are excreted.
Learn more about Mechanism of action of thiazide and loop diuretics