Final answer:
The unit of the universal gravitational constant is N · m²/kg². The dimensional formula is obtained through equating the dimensions of the equation F = GMM / R².
Step-by-step explanation:
The unit of the universal gravitational constant is N · m²/kg². The dimensional formula of the universal gravitational constant can be derived using the equation F = GMM / R², where F is the force of gravity, M is the mass of one object, and R is the distance between the centers of the two objects. By equating the dimensions of both sides of the equation, we obtain [M] [L]³ [T]⁻² = [G] [M]² [M]²/[L]², where [M] represents the dimension of mass, [L] represents the dimension of length, and [T] represents the dimension of time.
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