Answer: The phrase that best explains how the author represents conflicting perspectives in this excerpt is "by showing the soldiers' ideas regarding how they should fight." The author highlights the differing opinions among the soldiers about how to prepare for battle, with some wishing to fight like duelists and stand tall, while others build small barricades for protection. This conflict of ideas is depicted through the description of the soldiers' behavior and the ensuing discussion among them. This representation of conflicting perspectives is a common literary device used to showcase diversity of thought and experiences, and to explore the complexities of human relationships and decision-making.
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