Answer: The correct answer is A) Transcription.
Transcription is a genetic process by which the genetic information from a template of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is copied into mRNA (messenger RNA). It is mediated by the enzyme called RNA polymerase. It occurs in nucleus of eukaryotes and cytoplasm of prokaryotes.
mRNA thus produced in this process, contains codons (a sequence of three nucleotides coding for a particular amino acid) that help in the synthesis of proteins through a process called translation.
Thus, option A) Transcription is the right answer.