Basically, the decision of the supreme court was not respected by other authorities, specially by the president Andrew Jackson, who felt that on the one hand Georgia does not have to respect this ruling and on the other that the supreme court in any case cannot ensure the enforcement of it.
Specifically, the ruling of the court was that only the national government had the power to decide over Indian affairs, and since that power laid in Jackson's hands, he could allow Georgia to proceed with the removal of Cherokee by stating that he ( in the name of the national government) will not intervene. Instead, Jackson's actions were further adding to the removal of the Cherokee.