So, to solve the questions on your paper, you need to first have all of the bottom numbers on the fractions similar numbers. So if you have the numbers 1/4 and 4/8, you need to get them to both be the same number. Therefore, 1/4 should become 2/8, because you doubled the bottom number (you also then need to do the same to the top number). You don't need to change 4/8, because it's bottom number is already 8. Then, you can take 4/8 and 1/8 and add them. To add them, you just add the top numbers. The top numbers make 5, so then you add the denominator, and make the number 5/8. Since you can't simplify 5/8, just keep it. But if it was 4/8, you could simplify it to 1/2. You can do all of this same to all of the numbers on your paper. :D If you are subtracting, subtract only the top numbers, but if you need to multiply or divide, multiply/divide both numerator AND denominator. :D I hope I helped! If I didn't, please tell me, or just delete my answer. :D