1) A Christian denomination in England were known as The Shakers. In New Lebanon they pursued freedom of religious beliefs. It is interesting to note that Music as well as Dancing made up a significant part of their worships. Aron Copland utilized their song “Simple Gifts” in “Appalachian Spring”.
2) The answer to second question is that he lived in “Vienna” and he succeeded in his success.
3) That was initially a dedication to Napoleon and Beethoven annulled the dedication when he was made aware of the fact that Napoleon announced of him as an “Emperor”.
The last two I am afraid I do not know :)