Answer: The correct option for first part is- B)
Transcription is a biological process that leads to the formation of mRNA ( messenger RNA) using a template of DNA ( deoxyribonucleic acid) with the help of an enzyme, which is called RNA polymerase. mRNA is further converted into a particular protein through a process called translation.
Thus, if a chemical interferes with the ability of RNA polymerase to bind to a DNA molecule, transcription and translation would not take place.
The correct answer for second part of question is- B) Cell differentiation.
A fertilized egg is a one celled stage that undergoes process of cell division and differentiation in order to form an individual organism.
Differentiation is a process of development that changes a cell from undifferentiated state ( where cell does not serve any specific function) to a specialized state (also called differentiated state), which serves a specific function to the cell. For instance, formation of nerve cells, muscle cells, blood cells.
Thus, through a process of differentiation, an adult tiger becomes dissimilar from a single fertilized egg of tiger.