The relation can be expressed as:
8x - y = d,
where x is the cost of each chair, y is the cost of the table, and d is the difference in cost between the chairs and the table.
For example, let's say x=4 and y=30, meaning the table cost 30 dollars and each chair cost 4 dollars. Plugging into our function to find d:
8(4) - 30 = d
32 - 30 = d
2 = d. You paid 2 dollars more for the chairs than the table. If d was a negative number, than you would have paid that amount more for the table than the chairs.