The social scientist who would be more likely to ask the question: "Are adolescents of all societies rebellious?" is the Sociologist.
The sociologist has as object of study the organization of the man in society, trying to explain its nature, the structures that compose it and the relations that are established between individuals and institutions. Thus, it can study any social phenomenon, be it in the field of the arts, science, culture, religion, among others.
So, he/she would be the most appropriate professional to ask the question "Are teenagers of all societies rebellious?" because he/she is the professional who seeks answers about how human beings (men, women, children, adolescents and the elderly) behave in the different types of society that exist and that already existed.