I'll do 27, and I challenge you to do the rest on your own!
Since it's (x-4) in parenthesis and directly correlates with the x value, we simply move x 2 to the right. Conversely, if it was (x+3), we'd move all x values 3 to the left
Since it's +1 and doesn't directly correlate with x (since we have to go through log first), we can then find that it can directly correlate with y due to that if you subtract 1 from both sides the 1 from that side is gone. Therefore, the y values simply go up by 1 (if it was -1 it would go down by 1)
Since it is log base 2, it is relatively stretched out vertically. The higher the base, the lower the numbers will be to 0