Final answer:
The Assyrians had advantages in battle due to their mastery of military technology and organization. They manufactured iron weapons, introduced a permanent cavalry and a large standing army, and implemented a messenger service for efficient communication. Their strategy of annual military expeditions and organized conscription also contributed to their military dominance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Assyrians had several advantages in battle due to their mastery of military technology and organization. They were the first major kingdom to manufacture iron weapons in large numbers, giving them a significant advantage over their opponents. They also introduced innovations such as a permanent cavalry and a large standing army of trained infantry. These advancements allowed them to dominate their neighbors for over a century.
Additionally, the Assyrians implemented a messenger service to maintain communication and control across their empire. This service utilized messengers on horseback and waystations to replace tired horses, enabling them to communicate efficiently during military campaigns.
The Assyrians' military dominance was further reinforced by their strategy of annual military expeditions and organized conscription. They fielded large standing armies of native Assyrian soldiers, who marched out every year to conquer more territory. Their constant wars of conquest necessitated a highly skilled and well-organized army, which included charioteers, cavalry, archers, and spearmen.