Question

What was the effect of climate change and economic depression on the Ming Dynasty?

A. The Ming Dynasty began to close down industries that polluted the environment.

B. It impoverished the people and allowed Ming rulers to further consolidate their power

C. It allowed the challenging Manchus to come to power.

D. Climate change created new opportunities for Japanese armies to destroy their rule


Plz hurry 35 point

if you get it right an additional 20 (but i would put it when u r finish answering this.)

Answer 1

Based on the reconstructed temperatures, precipitation changes, and occurrences of extreme climate events, together with historical records on fiscal deterioration, food crises, and the frequencies of popular unrest, rebellions and wars, we identified three principal ways in which climate change contributed to the collapse in the Ming dynasty. Firstly, cooling, aridification, and desertification during a cold period destroyed the military farm system, which was the main supply system for the provisioning of government troops on the northern frontiers; these impacts increased the military expenditure from 64 % of total government expenditure in 1548–1569 to 76 % in 1570–1589 and thus aggravated the national fiscal crisis that occurred during the late Ming dynasty. Secondly, climate deterioration (e.g., cooling, aridification, and an increase in the frequencies of frost- and drought-related disasters, etc.) led to a 20–50 % reduction in the per capita production of raw grain in most areas of China, which resulted in widespread food crises and exacerbated the vulnerability of social structures during the last several decades of the Ming dynasty

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