Final answer:
Muhammad, the founder of Islam, is believed by Muslims to be a descendant of Ishmael, son of the biblical patriarch Abraham. He is considered the last prophet in a line that includes biblical figures such as Moses and Jesus. In Shia Islam, legitimate caliphs are required to be descended from Ali, Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law.
Step-by-step explanation:
Followers of Islam consider the prophet Muhammad to be a direct descendant of Ishmael, who was the son of Abraham. According to Muslim belief, Muhammad received the final and most complete revelation from God through the angel Gabriel. This revelation, which occurred when Muhammad was about 40 years old, led to the founding of Islam as a monotheistic faith. Muhammad, born in Mecca in 570 C.E., is regarded as the last prophet in a line of prophets that includes figures such as Moses and Jesus. In Shia Islam, legitimate caliphs and Imams are believed to be descended from Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, Ali.