The correct answer is option D. Psychologists would not subject an animal used in research to pain, stress, or hardship, when the goal is justified by the potential for recognition. Animals being used for scientific researches is a topic that is constantly under scrutiny for its ethical controversies. Psychologists may accept putting an animal under stress of pain when an alternative procedure in unavailable, or when the goal is justified because of its educational, health, or scientific value, but not because the result may get recognition from the community.