Answer: a. Scientific advancements have led to the ability to detect some hazardous events before they occur, allowing society to plan for them, mitigating their damage.
A catastrophic or hazardous event is the one which has the potential to disturb the abundance of life forms and landmass where it occurs. Scientific advancements have led to the ability to detect some hazardous events before they occur, allowing society to plan for them, mitigating their damage for instance there are device to measure the frequency of earthquakes, increase in level of water in a river, these devices can help to know the possibility of earthquakes and incidences of flood that probably could occur in an area. The society can act according to these information and can relocate or develop preventive measure to control the effects of hazardous events.