Question

What is the function of helicase in dna replication? see concept 16.2 (page 322)?

Answer 1

Helicase is crucial for DNA replication as it separates the two strands of DNA, allowing for the synthesis of new DNA strands. Without it, DNA replication cannot proceed. Topoisomerase, single-stranded binding proteins, and primase also contribute to the process by managing replication stress and initiating synthesis respectively.

Step-by-step explanation:

The function of helicase in DNA replication is to separate the two DNA strands at the origin of replication. Using energy from ATP hydrolysis, helicase unwinds the DNA helix, creating replication forks. If helicase is mutated, the DNA strands will not be separated, which is essential for replication to occur. Alongside helicase, other enzymes play crucial roles; for example, topoisomerase relieves the tension caused by over-winding or supercoiling ahead of the replication fork by cutting and rejoining the phosphate backbone of the DNA. Single-stranded binding proteins stabilize the separated strands to prevent them from reannealing prematurely. Primase synthesizes an RNA primer to allow DNA polymerase to begin synthesis of the new DNA strand. Overall, the coordinated actions of these enzymes ensure accurate replication of DNA.

Answer 2

The function of Helicase in the process of DNA replication is to untwist the double helix and separating the two DNA strands. This action of helicase creates the replication forks and replication bubbles where the process of replication is initiated. Their main role is the separation of double-stranded DNA into single strands allowing each strand to be copied during the process of replication. It may also function in other cellular processes where the double-stranded DNA must be separated, including transcription and repair.