Final answer:
Francis Galton, cousin to Charles Darwin, made significant contributions to biostatistics and the concept of regression towards the mean through his systemic study of heredity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Galton is referring to Sir Francis Galton, who was a cousin of Charles Darwin. Galton is renowned for his contributions to the field of eugenics and for pioneering the systematic study of human heredity and biostatistics. In his attempt to apply mathematical principles to the study of biological inheritance, Galton collected data from various sources, including his friends, to conduct his experiments on plant and animal breeding. His work eventually led to the development of the concept of regression towards the mean. This principle is crucial in the field of statistics, describing how extreme examples in a dataset tend to be closer to the average on subsequent measurements.