Answer:
Expanding Civil Rights – Gideon demanded an attorney because he couldn't afford one resulting in all citizens charged in criminal cases having the right to an attorney.
Gideon couldn't afford an attorney and was denied one when he requested it, he was sentenced to 5 years prison time. From his cell he arranged a Supreme Court hearing which resulted in "you have the right to an attorney" and accused people who cannot afford an attorney will be appointed one by law.