Answer:
A. cultural
Step-by-step explanation:
Culture is a term that has many interrelated meanings. When the term emerged in Europe, between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it referred to a process of cultivation or improvement, as in agriculture or horticulture. In the nineteenth century, it went first to refer to the improvement or refinement of the individual, especially through education, and then to the achievement of national aspirations or ideals. In the mid-nineteenth century, some scientists used the term "culture" to refer to universal human capacity. For the German antipositivist and sociologist Georg Simmel, culture referred to "the cultivation of individuals through the interference of external forms that have been objectified in the course of history."
In the twentieth century, "culture" emerged as a central concept of anthropology, encompassing all human phenomena that are not the total result of genetics. Specifically, the term "culture" in American anthropology has two meanings: (1) the evolved human capacity to classify and represent experiences with symbols and act imaginatively and creatively; and (2) the different ways in which people live in different parts of the world, classifying and representing their experiences and acting creatively. After the Second World War, the term became important, although with different meanings, in other disciplines such as cultural studies, organizational psychology, sociology of culture and management studies.