Final answer:
DNA and RNA are the primary nucleic acids. DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms and it is located in various locations depending on the organism. The role of DNA and sometimes RNA as the source of heritable information is a cornerstone of biological sciences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is located in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, the DNA is not enclosed in a membranous envelope.
As to the scientific explanations, students are able to construct explanations that utilize the structure and functions of DNA and RNA to support the claim that DNA, and in some cases RNA, are the primary sources of heritable information. This involves evaluating alternative scientific explanations about the mechanisms and structures of these nucleic acids.
Learn more about DNA and RNA