The right option is; 1. the Parker probe
Parker probe is the object that was developed to help astronomers learn more about the sun.
Parker Probe is a robotic spacecraft of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) which was sent to probe the outer corona (an aura of plasma surrounding the sun) of the sun. Parker Probe was designed to discover what increases the solar wind, to trace the flow of sun’s energy, and to have more understanding about the heating of the solar corona.