Answer: 1. The answer is C. The resolution of 1848
Note: It should be a revolution, not resolution.
2. The answer is B. To bring lasting peace to Europe
Explanation: 1. Italy unification which is also known as Risorgimento was a political and social movement for the liberation and unification of Italy in the 19th century. The process began with the revolutions of 1848, inspired by previous rebellions in the 1820s and 1830s that contested the outcome of the Congress of Vienna, and was completed when Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy. The revolution started by a group called Young Italy under the leadership of Giuseppe Mazzini by leading a guerrilla force into Rome, seized the city, and declared Rome a republic, causing the pope to flee.
2. Congress Vienna was a meeting of ambassadors of European states chaired by Austrian statesman Klemens von Metternich and held in Vienna from November 1814 to June 1815. The major goal was to bring lasting peace to Europe by settling critical issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.