4p^2 + 4p - 5
As the expression cannot be factored in it's current form, we need to check if splitting the middle term is possible.
List factors of -20.
-5 * 4
5 * -4
-10 * 2
10 * -2
-20 * 1
20 * -1
None of the factors added together result in positive 4.
Because splitting the middle term is not possible, and we cannot simplify this expression any further:
This expression cannot be fully factored.