The two main types of weathering are chemical and physical.
Chemical weathering is the erosion of rocks, soil or other minerals through the process of water and other chemicals (including Earth's atmosphere) being dissolved into its compound which eventually break down the rock. Other examples include dissolution and carbonation, hydration, and oxidaation.
Physical weathering is a more mechnical way of erosion which is through things like thermal stress, frost, ocean waves, pressure release, and salt-crystal growth.