Question

A survey of 1,000 men and women asked, "Do you earn over $55,000 per year?" The table below shows the responses for males and females:

Male Female Total

Income over $55,000 475 375 850

Income below $55,000 75 75 150

Total 550 450 1,000



Based on these data, are "being male" and "earning over $55,000" independent events?

Answer 1

The answer is A, because Men represent 55% of survey respondents, but they represent 475/850 = 56% of those with higher incomes. The answer options include an explanation which says that the conditional probability is not equal to the population probability.