Final answer:
The excerpt from the Magna Carta guarantees the right to due process, including the right to a fair trial by judgment of one's equals or as per the law, a principle that influenced the Fifth and Sixth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The excerpt from the Magna Carta addresses the right to due process, which is the legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights owed to a person. It includes the right to a fair trial with judgment by one's equals or by law of the land, protecting individuals from being deprived of their liberties or properties arbitrarily.
The Magna Carta's clause highlighted in the question is a foundational precedent for later legal principles, including those in the Fifth and Sixth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, and established the basis for the modern judicial system, including the concept of trial by jury.