Final answer:
The use of coal in steam engines led to technological innovations that improved the harnessing of other natural resources, which is why option b is correct. The invention of the locomotive engine was important because it efficiently powered heavy trains, making option c the correct choice. George Stephenson contributed to railroad connectivity by designing a standard size railroad track, hence option a is the answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
To answer your first question on how the use of coal led to a growth in the availability of natural resources in England, it is because the technology innovations used to produce coal led to technologies that made use of other natural resources (option b). The steam engine, which was initially used to pump water out of coal mines, demonstrated that coal could not just provide heat but also power. These steam engines were then adapted for other industrial uses, driving machinery and locomotives, which consequently increased the demand for coal and other resources.
Regarding the invention of the locomotive engine and its importance to the railroad system, the answer is that the locomotive engine was efficient enough to provide the power needed to move a long string of heavy cars (option c). The steam locomotive, evolving from adaptations to James Watt's steam engine, became the driving force behind the rails, transporting goods and people across distances previously inaccessible by traditional means.
Lastly, George Stephenson's contribution that insured interoperability among different railroad lines was that he designed a standard size railroad track (option a). This standard gauge allowed trains from different companies to use the same tracks, greatly enhancing the efficiency and connectivity of the railroad network.