Question

When calcium carbonate is added to hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water are produced. CaCO3(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + H2O(1) + CO2(8) How many grams of calcium chloride will be produced when 29.0 g of calcium carbonate is combined with 11.0 g of hydrochloric acid? mass of CaCl,: 16.075 g Which reactant is in excess? Caco OHCI How many grams of the excess reactant will remain after the reaction is complete? mass of excess reactant: 14.517

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Given data:

Mass of CaCO₃ = 29.0 g

Mass of HCl = 11.0 g

Mass of CaCl₂ produced = ?

Which is excess reactant = ?

Mass remain unreacted = ?

Solution:

Chemical reaction:

CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂

Number of moles of CaCO₃:

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 29.0 g/ 100.1 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.3 mol

Number of moles of HCl:

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 11.0 g/36.5 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.3 mol

Now we will compare the moles of HCl and CaCO₃ with CaCl₂.

HCl : CaCl₂

2 : 1

0.3 : 1/2×0.3 = 0.15 mol

CaCO₃ : CaCl₂

1 : 1

0.3 ; 0.3

The number of moles of CaCl₂ produced by HCl are less so it will limiting reactant.

Mass of CaCl₂:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass = 0.15 mol × 111 g/mol

Mass = 16.65 g

CaCO₃ is present in excess.

HCl : CaCO₃

2 : 1

0.3 : 1/2 ×0.3 = 0.15 mol

Mass remain unreacted:

Total moles of CaCO₃ = 0.3

Moles reacted = 0.15

Moles remain = 0.3 - 0.15 = 0.15 mol

Mass remain unreacted = 0.15 mol × molar mass

Mass remain unreacted = 0.15 mol × 100.1 g/mol

Mass remain unreacted = 15 g