Flood irrigation can cause temporary waterlogging, with adverse effects on crops like wheat, maize, and legumes. Waterlogging is more prolonged and more severe on heavy textured soils, and on soils used for rice culture because of the well-developed, shallow, hard pan (slowly permeable) as a result of puddling ⁴. So, out of the options you mentioned, flood irrigation would be more likely to create a waterlogged agricultural field that could decrease crop yield.