Since I’m not sure what you have been learning about child development I will just answer with my personal opinion. I hope my answer can be of help.
I personally think children definitely should not be treated as young adults. It is important for young children to experience that period of innocence and immaturity. Without this they will be deprived from having other relationships with children their age because they will not get along with them since they are more mature than others. This could cause them to ultimately distance themselves from others and have poor social skills. Children can not be treated as a adults after all they just came into this world! Treating a child like this could leave them depressed or mad when they get older. This is because they can never look back and laugh at their own silly but funny mistakes. Or remember having childish fun with friends or family. This may not be important but it will severely affect the child when he/she becomes older. Young children also go through important stages of their life. If we are to treat our children like they are adults they will not go through these stages and will not develop practical skills they will need in life. This can also be very dangerous because this could cause a child to detach themselves from their parents. It is EXTREMELY important for kids to be able to attach themselves to their parent and start to learn or mimic their behavior. If you treat them as if they are an adult they could detach from you because they feel a lack of love or sensitivity from you.