Question

Which of the following is a definition of a base? O a. behaves as a catalyst. O b. accepts H ions from acids. Oc. turns cloudy when dissolved in water O d. donates H ions when dissolved in water O e. releases heat when dissolved in water

Answer 1

Answer: b. accepts
`H^+` ions from acids

Step-by-step explanation:

According to Arrhenius concept, a base is defined as a substance which donates hydroxide ions
`(OH^-)` when dissolved in water and an acid is defined as a substance which donates hydronium ions
`(H_3O^+)` in water.

According to the Bronsted Lowry conjugate acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a substance which donates
`H^+` ions and a base is defined as a substance which accepts
`H^+` ions.

`NH_3+H_2O\rightarrow NH_4^++OH^-`

Here water is donating
`H^+` ions, and thus act as acid and ammoia
`NH_3` is accepting
`H^+` ions from water and thus is a base.

According to the Lewis concept, an acid is defined as a substance that accepts electron pairs and base is defined as a substance which donates electron pairs.

Thus base is a substance which accepts
`H^+` ions from acids.