1. A flood causes erosion and loss of shoreline
There are numerous of physical systems influencing the environment. One of them is the water. The water it self has many different ways in which it can have a big influence, and of them is the flooding. The floods bring in enormous amounts of water, having big destructive power. The floods manage to cause large scale erosion of large areas, changing their appearance totally. Also, they manage to influence the shoreline, and even destroy, or rather submerge the shoreline, resulting in loss of beaches.
2. Century
100 years is a period for which very often the term century is used. For several hundred years, for example 400 years, we can say 4 centuries. This term has been used because it comes to be very practical. 100 years can be a very long, but also very short period, depending on the perspective and what we are observing or studying. In the human history it seems to be a relatively long period, but if we take evolution than it is a blink of an eye.
3. It helped them deal with the lack of certain resources
The early human societies that started to have a settled life were able to produce surplus. What the surplus was though depended on the area in which they have settled. While some were producing a surplus of food, others had surplus of certain metals for example. Because the people didn't had everything they wanted, they started to trade the goods they had as surplus for goods they lacked, thus they started to make up for the resources that they didn't had at disposal.
4. South America
The most accepted theory about the human settlement in the Americas is that the humans came through the Bering Straight during the last Ice Age. As they crossed it, they moved southward where the conditions were better. Initially they settled North America, and then continued even more south, settling South America. It is believed that these humans came from Siberia, and that they belonged to the east Eurasian group of people.
5. Turkey
The modern day nation of Turkey is the country that is often referred to as Asia Minor, much more in the past though than nowadays. Alexander III of Macedon (the Great) managed to conquer this area in his first battles with the Persians who occupied this territory until then. Battle by battle, Alexander led his army in victories and they took over Asia Minor. After Asia Minor was conquered, the Macedonian army continued eastward, eventually reaching the northwestern part of India.