the organism adapts to the change in their environment by adapting by prefering a certain colour, trait, etc.
e.g. the black and white moth, there used to be alot of white moths because they were more harder to detect by the predators with lots of white trees which means there is a higher population of white moths rather than the black moths, but because of logging and pollution theres more black trees now and then the
white moths cant hide and camouflage with their white colour and so a decrease in their population and an increase in the black moths' population because now it is more efficient.