Answer:
(d) all of the above
Step-by-step explanation:
The option (a) (b) and (c) all are the process of the casting and solidification shrinkage, all the three process are done one by one in casting and solidification shrinkage.
there are mainly three stages in casting and solidification shrinkage these are
- liquid shrinkage
- solid to liquid shrinkage
- contraction process
so from given conclusion it is clear that the statement of option a b and c are correct so the option d will be the correct option