Final answer:
The quote is an allusion to Matthew Arnold's poem 'Dover Beach,' making reference to the metaphor of the 'Sea of Faith' as it comments on the decline of religious belief.
Step-by-step explanation:
The quote in question contains a reference to 'The Sea of Faith' which is a metaphor in Matthew Arnold's poem 'Dover Beach.' Thus, the literary term best matched with the quote is d) Allusion. An allusion is a direct or indirect reference to a famous work, event, or figure. In this quote, it's referencing Arnold's representation of the waning of religious faith in the world. This device enriches the text by drawing on the thematic weight and context of the original work mentioned.