Final answer:
The correct answer is D. Ketone, given that the functional group described is the carbonyl group within the carbon chain, not at the end.
Step-by-step explanation:
The functional group being described is the carbonyl group. However, the type of compound it forms depends on the location of the carbonyl group within the hydrocarbon chain. An aldehyde contains the carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, represented as -CHO, whereas a ketone contains the carbonyl group within the carbon chain, represented as -CO-. Since the information mentions an OH group on a carbon atom attached to two other carbon atoms, and oxidation of this results in a ketone, the correct answer to the question is a ketone. Aldehydes and ketones are both commonly named by identifying the longest chain that includes the carbonyl carbon and changing the suffix of the hydrocarbon name appropriately to -al for aldehydes and -one for ketones.