Final answer:
After a primary consumer eats a producer in a food chain, the energy and nutrients are transferred to the primary consumer and can be passed on to higher trophic levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a typical food chain, after a primary consumer eats a producer, the energy and nutrients from the producer are transferred to the primary consumer. These nutrients are then used by the primary consumer for growth, energy, and reproduction. The primary consumer may be eaten by a secondary consumer, which would then transfer the energy and nutrients further up the food chain. This process continues with tertiary consumers and apex consumers, with each level transferring energy and nutrients from the previous level.