In the quote from the "Gettysburg Address", Lincoln used phrases in his speech that reminded his listeners of the American ideals of liberty, equality, and the responsibility of government. He stated, "it is for us the living... to be here dedicated ... under God..." and that "government for and by the people remain on the earth" as tribute to the fallen soldiers. In the speech he effectively uses the ethos, logos, and pathos literary techniques to appeal to his listeners with religious, logical, and emotional statements.