Question

What caused conflict leading up to the First Crusade?

Seljuks took control of Jerusalem and attacked the Byzantine Empire.
Seljuks attacked churches and forced Christians to leave the Holy Land.
Seljuks broke a peace deal with the church and closed Jerusalem to Christians.
Seljuks took control of Antioch and removed church officials who came to make peace.

Answer 1

Seljuks took control of Jerusalem and attacked the Byzantine Empire.

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer 2

Correct answer is Seljuks took control of Jerusalem and attacked the Byzantine Empire.

Step-by-step explanation:

First option is correct as after the battle of Manzikert in 1071 the Seljuks defeated Byzantine army and killed their emperor. Just a couple of years later, they conquered Jerusalem and continued pressing the Empire. That is why the Byzantine Emperor called the Pope and western leaders to help them.

All other options are not correct as they historically never happened, or to be precise they didn't led to First Crusade.