Question

1. Explain law of conservation of mass.

2. Explain law of definite proportion.
3.Explain law of multiple proportion.
4.Explain law of Gaseous volumes.
5.Explain Avogadro's Law.
6.Explain dalton atomic Theory.​

Answer 1

1. The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction mass is neither created nor destroyed. For example, the carbon atom in coal becomes carbon dioxide when it is burned. The carbon atom changes from a solid structure to a gas but its mass does not change.
2. law of definite proportions, statement that every chemical compound contains fixed and constant proportions (by mass) of its constituent elements.
3. The law of multiple proportions says that when two elements combine with each other to form compounds, the masses of one of the elements which combine with fixed mass of other, bear a simple whole number ratio to one another. For e.g. consider CO and CO2. Both are compounds of carbon and oxygen.
4. The Gay Lusaacc's law of gaseous volume states that the pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature, when the volume is kept constant.
5. law stating that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.
6. Dalton hypothesized that the law of conservation of mass and the law of definite proportions could be explained using the idea of atoms. He proposed that all matter is made of tiny indivisible particles called atoms, which he imagined as "solid, massy, hard, impenetrable, movable particle(s)".

Answer 2

A N S W E R : –

1. Law of conservation of mass :-

• The law of conservation of mass states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations.

2. Law of definite proportion :-

• According to the law of definite proportions, the samples of a compound will always contain the same proportion of elements by mass.

3. Law of multiple proportion :-

• The Law of multiple proportions states that when two elements combine to form two or more compounds, the weights of one element combined with a fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of small whole numbers.

4. Law of Gaseous Volumes :-

• The Gay Lusaacc's law of gaseous volume states that the pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature, when the volume is kept constant.

5. Avagardo's Law :-

• Avogadro’s law, also known as Avogadro’s principle or Avogadro’s hypothesis, is a gas law which states that the total number of atoms/molecules of a gas (i.e. the amount of gaseous substance) is directly proportional to the volume occupied by the gas at constant temperature and pressure.

6. Dalton Atmoic Theory :-

• Dalton’s atomic theory was a scientific theory on the nature of matter put forward by the English physicist and chemist John Dalton in the year 1808. It stated that all matter was made up of small, indivisible particles known as ‘atoms’.
• All substances, according to Dalton’s atomic theory, are made up of atoms, which are indivisible and indestructible building units. While an element’s atoms were all the same size and mass, various elements possessed atoms of varying sizes and masses.

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