Final answer:
The bolt action rifle is not a type of primitive hunting arm, whereas both the long bow and flintlock muzzle-loader are. Primitive hunting arms reflect the technology available up to the early modern period, excluding the bolt action rifle which represents a more advanced stage of firearm development.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of primitive hunting arm that is NOT part of the options provided is the bolt action rifle. Primitive hunting arms refer to the pre-modern weapons used by humans to hunt game and were typically manufactured without the use of advanced technology or industrialization. The long bow and the flintlock muzzle-loader are examples of such primitive weapons.
The long bow is an ancient type of bow that is tall, roughly equal to the height of the user, and made from a single piece of wood. The flintlock muzzle-loader is a firearm that was widely used during the 17th, 18th, and early 19th centuries. Conversely, the bolt action rifle is a modern firearm featuring a mechanism operated by the manual manipulation of a bolt and is not considered a primitive hunting arm. When studying artifacts from the Paleo-Indian era, researchers often associate it with objects such as the atlatl rather than modern weapons like bolt action rifles.