The location of an element can be estimated from its electron configuration
Further explanation
We can divide the periodic system into several parts:
1. Block s: groups 1 and 2 (having a configuration of 1s-7s) consist of active metals except for H (non-metals) and He (noble gases)
2. Block p: group 13-18 (has a 2p-6p configuration), also called a representative element because it includes metals, non-metals and metalloids
3. Block d: group 3-12 (having the 3d-6d configuration), are transition metal elements
4. Block f: Lanthanides and Actinides (having a 4f-5f configuration), are inner transition elements that are also metal
group⇒valence electron
period⇒the greatest value of the quantum number n
1. Silicon
electron configuration : [Ne] 3s²3p²
valence electron = 4(2+2), block p : group 14
period = n = 3
2. Xenon
electron configuration : [Kr] 4d¹⁰5s²5p⁶
valence electron = 8(2=6),block p : group 18
period = n = 5
3. Barium
electron configuration : [Xe] 6s²
valence electron = 2, block s, group 2
period = n = 6
4. Potassium
electron configuration : [Ar] 4s¹
valence electron = 1, block s, group 1
period = n = 4
5. Iodine
electron configuration : [Kr] 4d¹⁰5s²5p⁵
valence electron = 7(2+5), block p, group 17
period = n = 5